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Viola tricolor

Viola tricolor Tricolore Heartsease
Garden Pansy

5,0/5
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This little half-wild pansy is becoming hard to find in the everyday hustle and bustle. Thank you for keeping it alive.

Claude, 07/09/2019

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More information

Sought after for the delicacy of its flower, this small annual or biennial plant is the ancestor of the cultivated pansy. From summer to winter, it tirelessly displays its corollas, which appear to be hand-painted, in shades of blue, white, yellow, and purple, each flower having its own personality. Over time, it forms a beautiful carpet of leaves and flowers, and self-seeds abundantly in moist, well-drained soil, in the sunshine.
Flower size
3 cm
Height at maturity
15 cm
Exposure
Sun, Partial shade
Annual / Perennial
Biennial
Germination time (days)
15 days
Sowing method
Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
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Sowing period March, July to September
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Flowering time March to November
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Description

Sought after for the delicacy of its flower, Viola tricolor, also known as Heartsease, is a small annual or biennial plant from which the cultivated pansy descends, bravely braving the harshness of winter to decorate our gardens. From summer to winter, it tirelessly displays its hand-painted corollas, which can be blue, white, yellow, and violet, each flower having its own personality. Over time, it forms a beautiful carpet of leaves and flowers and self-seeds abundantly in fresh, well-drained soil in the sun.

 

Belonging to the violet family, Viola tricolor, or wild pansy, grows spontaneously in many regions of temperate Europe and Asia. It is a low perennial plant that has given rise to many hybrids, the most famous of which are garden pansies. It is a herbaceous ground-covering plant, reaching a height of 15cm (6in) when in flower. Its dark green, ovate, and lobed evergreen leaves form a spreading tuft with a somewhat creeping habit. It can sometimes be perennial, but most often biennial. Depending on the sowing date, this plant flowers from spring to winter, sometimes continuously if pruned at the end of summer. Its solitary and lateral flowers, carried on long peduncles, appear on aerial stems. The sepals are never larger than the corolla, which is 10 to 25mm (0.3 to 1in) long. It can be violet, purple, blue, yellow, or white. The tricolour form, yellow, white, and violet, is the most sought after and gives the species its name. The entire flower measures about 15mm (1in) in diameter, and the petals have a silky texture that reflects light well. The angular, branched stems bear ovate, lobed, or lanceolate leaves. This plant spreads quite rapidly thanks to its rhizomes and also self-seeds very easily in the garden.

 

Horned violets and tricolour pansies are intended for low flower beds, borders, as well as pots and balcony planters, where they will be associated with other spring and summer flowering plants (Forget-me-nots, Dwarf daffodils, Daisies, Primroses, Botanical tulips, summer and autumn asters, etc.). The flowers of violets and pansies are edible, so don't hesitate to decorate your plates with one or two flowers, or even add some to your salads to give them a touch of colour.

Flowering

Flower colour multicoloured
Flowering time March to November
Inflorescence Solitary
Flower size 3 cm

Foliage

Foliage persistence Annual
Foliage colour dark green

Plant habit

Height at maturity 15 cm
Spread at maturity 15 cm
Growth rate fast

Botanical data

Genus

Viola

Species

tricolor

Cultivar

Tricolore Heartsease

Family

Violaceae

Other common names

Garden Pansy

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Product reference14351

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Planting and care

Sow the wild pansy in a nursery from July to September and then transplant the young plants into pots. Install your young plants in October before the first frosts, spacing them 20cm (8in) apart, in open ground.

Second option: sow under cover at the end of winter and plant the seedlings in open ground at the end of spring.

Germination takes about 15 days at 16°C (60.8°F).

Use a compound mixture of 1/3 compost, 1/3 garden soil, and 1/3 river sand. It takes 15 days for the seedlings to appear. Watch out for attacks from snails and slugs, as they are fond of these young plants.
Removing faded flowers will promote the renewal of flowering.

Wild pansies appreciate a light, humus-rich soil that is moist but well-drained, as they are sensitive to excess moisture in winter. In heavy soil, add some sand to improve drainage.

Plant the pansies in a sunny location, but not in direct sunlight or under light shade.

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Sowing period

Sowing period March, July to September
Sowing method Direct sowing, Sowing under cover
Germination time (days) 15 days

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Rockery, Woodland edge
Type of use Edge of border, Container, Slope
Hardiness Hardy down to -34°C (USDA zone 4) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Exposure Sun, Partial shade
Soil pH Any
Soil moisture Moist soil, Draining, not too rich
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