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Sambucus tigranii

Sambucus tigranii

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More information

This wild elderberry forms a true small tree with a spreading habit and light branches. It is decorative with its young orange leaves, its cream-yellow flowering in round panicles from the end of March, and then its almost red berries, very visible on its elegant foliage. Very rare in cultivation, this botanical species deserves to be discovered. It is cultivated in well-drained soil, preferably rich in humus and not too dry. Its cold resistance is estimated at -15°C in well-drained soil, perhaps more.
Flower size
10 cm
Height at maturity
4 m
Spread at maturity
2.50 m
Exposure
Sun, Partial shade
Hardiness
Hardy down to -15°C
Soil moisture
Moist soil
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Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to April, September to November
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Flowering time March to April
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Description

Sambucus tigranii, also known as the Armenian elderberry, is a large ornamental bush with young, reddish-orange shoots, early spring flowering in a creamy yellow colour, and clusters of large red fruits that ripen in August-September. The fruits are edible once cooked, with a sweet flavour, and are loved by birds. This elderberry can be used in wild hedges or as a grove near fruit trees, where it will attract many pollinators.

Sambucus tigranii is a botanical species that grows in Armenia and Georgia up to an altitude of 1500m. This plant, which has become rare in nature, prefers fertile, humus-bearing, slightly moist soils that are rich in nitrogen. It also tolerates slightly poorer, limestone, and dry soils, but its growth will be slower in such conditions. It is a large deciduous bush from the Adoxaceae or Viburnaceae family, depending on the classification. The plant has a more tree-like habit than a truly bushy one, with an open structure, and one or more small trunks carrying slightly trailing branches. It grows rapidly, reaching a height of 3 to 5m and a spread of 2 to 3m within 5 to 7 years. Its bark is light and channelled. The flexible branches bear deciduous leaves. The dark green foliage is dense, composed of opposite leaves divided into 7 to 9 oblong leaflets with finely toothed edges, measuring 15-20cm long. It flowers in paniculate clusters of star-shaped, creamy yellow, nectar-rich flowers at the tips of the shoots between March and April, depending on the climate. This is followed by beautiful clusters of highly decorative berries, round and shiny red when ripe in August-September, which are a delight for birds.

The Armenian elderberry is a collectable plant that is quite similar to the red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa). Like its close relative, it is a beautiful, natural countryside shrub that promotes biodiversity. Whether used in an informal hedge or a grove on a slope, it can be combined with hazelnut trees, a deciduous spindle tree 'Red Wine', or a pink-veiled Arnold's rowan, for example, to enjoy their decorative fruiting and autumn colours. It also pairs well with Hydrangea quercifolia, Parrotia persica, and more.

In the garden:

Elderberry leaves are known to accelerate compost decomposition. A black elderberry leaf infusion is useful in organic gardening to combat mildew and aphid attacks or rodent infestations: soak 1kg of leaves in 10L of water for a few days, then spray as needed. It can also be planted in an orchard, where it attracts birds that prey on insects.

Plant habit

Height at maturity 4 m
Spread at maturity 2.50 m
Habit Irregular, bushy
Growth rate fast

Flowering

Flower colour yellow
Flowering time March to April
Inflorescence Corymb
Flower size 10 cm
Fragrance slightly scented
Bee-friendly Attracts pollinators
Fruit colour red

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour dark green

Botanical data

Genus

Sambucus

Species

tigranii

Family

Viburnaceae

Origin

Caucasus

Product reference20264

Other Sambucus - Elder tree

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Planting and care

Sambucus tigranii can be planted in spring or autumn, preferably in full sun but also in partial shade. Plant it in regular, well-drained soil that is rich in humus and not too dry in summer. According to some sources, this elderberry tolerates some drought, air pollution, and a little bit of limestone. It requires little maintenance. In March, before flowering, prune dead or diseased wood and branches that compromise the symmetry of the bush in order to keep only the vigorous branches. Sambucus can withstand severe pruning, but keep a few old branches, as flowering occurs on unpruned branches.

Planting period

Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to April, September to November

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Woodland edge
Type of use Border, Back of border, Hedge
Hardiness Hardy down to -15°C (USDA zone 7b) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Planting spacing Every 150 cm
Exposure Sun, Partial shade
Soil pH Neutral
Soil type Clayey (heavy), Silty-loamy (rich and light)
Soil moisture Moist soil, Humus-bearing and well-drained soil

Care

Pruning instructions In March, before flowering, prune dead or diseased wood and branches that compromise the symmetry of the bush to keep only the vigorous branches. Sambucus tolerates severe pruning, but keep a few old branches, as flowering will occur on the unpruned branches.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time March
Soil moisture Moist soil
Disease resistance Very good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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