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Vitis vinifera Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains - Grape Vine

Vitis vinifera Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains
Common Grape Vine, European Grape, Wine Grape

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A grape variety cultivated since ancient times, appreciated for its musky aroma and sweet flavour that work wonders in sweet wines like Musquat de Frontignan. The plant produces small to medium-sized clusters, long, narrow, more or less compact, composed of round grapes of medium size, covered with a thick skin of beautiful amber yellow that becomes freckled when fully ripe. It is harvested in October, about 2 weeks after the Chasselas. It is a grape for winemaking, not for eating. This vine likes long hot summers and prefers limestone soils.
Flavour
Sugary
Height at maturity
5 m
Spread at maturity
2 m
Exposure
Sun
Self-fertilising
Best planting time October to November
Recommended planting time January to April, September to December
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Flowering time May
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Harvest time October
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Description

The Muscat 'Blanc à Petits Grains' vine is a grape variety that is most likely native to Greece and has been cultivated since ancient times, particularly in the south of France. It is the grapes, with their musky and sweet flavour, that are used to make natural sweet wines, sun-kissed delights served as an aperitif: Muscat de Frontignan, from Lunel, from Alsace, from Rivesaltes, from Mireval, or even Beaumes de Venise. The plant, of moderate vigour, produces clusters of rather small size, composed of round grapes of amber yellow colour that develop freckles when fully ripe. They are harvested in October, about 2 weeks after the Chasselas grape. This vine prefers calcareous soils and requires a long and hot summer for fruit ripening. Well adapted to Mediterranean climates, it is quite susceptible to fungal diseases. It is a wine grape, not a table grape.

The wine grape (Vitis vinifera) grew in the wild more than 5000 years ago. Its introduction to France for cultivation was done by the Romans. Many hybrids have been created to vary colours, flavours, and uses. The Muscat 'Petits Grains' vine buds early in spring, at the same time as the Chasselas grape, and is pruned short. It is susceptible to mildew, powdery mildew, erineum mite, grey rot, grape worms, hymenoptera, and mites.

As a moderately vigorous climbing woody vine, the Muscat 'Petits Grains' easily reaches a height or spread of 4-5m (13-16ft) if left unpruned. Its final shape will depend on the pruning practiced. It is a frugal, sun-loving plant, not demanding, that thrives in a soil that is both clayey and stony, with a tendency towards limestone, and that withstands dry summers well. Its long stems cling to their support (trellis, espalier) by means of large green and voluble tendrils. Its foliage is serrated, with a deep green colour in summer, and turns a beautiful gold in autumn. Its flowering occurs in May-June, depending on the year and the region, offering very small greenish flowers gathered in short and compact pyramid-shaped and cylindrical clusters. Its round grapes, of medium size, are more or less tightly packed on rather thin and elongated cylindrical clusters. Their skin, quite thick and amber yellow in colour, encloses a firm, juicy, very sweet flesh with a musky flavour.

Muscat 'Petits Grains' grapes are primarily consumed after vinification. You can also use them for ornamentation on a pergola, a trellis, or trained against a sunny wall.

Vitis vinifera Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains - Grape Vine in pictures

Vitis vinifera Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains - Grape Vine (Harvest) Harvest

Plant habit

Height at maturity 5 m
Spread at maturity 2 m
Growth rate normal

Fruit

Fruit colour yellow
Fruit diameter 1 cm
Flavour Sugary
Use Alcohol
Harvest time October

Flowering

Flower colour green
Flowering time May
Inflorescence Cluster
Bee-friendly Attracts pollinators

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour green

Botanical data

Genus

Vitis

Species

vinifera

Cultivar

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains

Family

Vitaceae

Other common names

Common Grape Vine, European Grape, Wine Grape

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Product reference896751

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Planting and care

Since the ravages of phylloxera in the late 19th century, grape vines are obligatorily grafted onto different rootstocks, resistant to this disease and adapted to different types of soil. These rootstocks come from American varieties. Plant the Muscat 'Blanc à Petits Grains' vine in the autumn, in a deep, well-drained soil—even stony, arid, poor and chalky substrates—in a well-exposed site, sheltered from strong winds. Incorporate 3 or 4 handfuls of fertiliser for fruit trees and 2 kg of composted manure for each plant into the soil. The roots should not come into contact with the manure. After planting, prune above 2 large buds to encourage the growth of two branches. Keep the most vigorous one, and tie it to a stake. The training pruning will follow.

The vine does not require regular fertiliser application for good yield. On the contrary; enrich the soil with potash slag, crushed horn or iron chelate, only every 2-3 years.

Planting period

Best planting time October to November
Recommended planting time January to April, September to December

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Rockery
Type of use Container, Climbing, Orchard
Hardiness Hardy down to -15°C (USDA zone 7b) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Exposure Sun
Soil pH Neutral, Calcareous
Soil type Chalky (poor, alkaline and well-drained), Clayey-chalky (heavy and alkaline), Silty-loamy (rich and light), Stony (poor and well-drained), draining, porous.

Care

Pruning instructions Training pruning: the vertical cordon is the simplest to use when covering a facade or a high wall. Keep a vertical leader on which secondary branches will be allowed to grow every 20 cm (8in). Extend the cordon by a height of 50 to 60 cm (20 to 24in) each year. To obtain a bilateral cordon (with two arms), select two opposite buds that will be individually trained into diverging cordons. Fruiting pruning: the vine blooms on the shoots of the current year, carried by the branches of the previous year. For abundant fruiting, the stems need to be renewed each year. Pruning green material is recommended in May-June, in the form of bud removal.
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time February to March, May to June
Soil moisture Dry
Disease resistance Poor
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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