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Polystichum makinoi - Makino's Holly Fern

Polystichum makinoi
Makino's Holly Fern

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More information

A particularly elegant medium-sized evergreen fern (50 cm (20 in)), whose glossy, finely cut fronds in an olive-green colour are as beautiful in the shade garden as in bouquets. It thrives in a humus-rich soil that is moist but well drained, and acidic or with a tendency towards limestone, in shade or partial shade.
Height at maturity
50 cm
Spread at maturity
45 cm
Exposure
Partial shade, Shade
Hardiness
Hardy down to -23°C
Soil moisture
Moist soil
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Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to April, September to October
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Flowering time January
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Description

Polystichum makinoi is a very beautiful Asian fern, evergreen in winter, which forms a well-regulated clump. Its glossy fronds are remarkably carved, and their olive-green colour contrasts well with the brown rachis and petioles. Of medium size, this species is particularly elegant and very hardy, and its cultivation poses no difficulty in humus-rich, well-drained and moist soil. A true adornment for shade or partial shade, this polystichum also offers a very beautiful foliage to enhance bouquets.

Polystichum makinoi belongs to the Dryopteridaceae family. It is a botanical species native to East Asia, found in Bhutan, China, India, Japan, Nepal, Tibet, North and South Korea, and Myanmar. The plant has a short, ascending and scaly rhizome, from which numerous leaves called fronds emerge. It eventually forms a beautiful clump with a slightly spreading and harmonious habit, reaching about 45 to 55 cm (18 to 22 in) in height and 40-50 cm (16-20 in) in width. The fronds, of an elongated triangular shape, measure 25 to 60 cm (10 to 24 in) in length and 10 to 20 cm (4 to 8 in) in width. They have a fairly rigid texture. Their lamina is bipinnate, divided into shiny and dentate pinnae, each with a small petiole. The colour of the young foliage is a very bright green, while the mature fronds turn olive-green. Each frond is borne on a petiole measuring 10 to 40 cm (4 to 16 in) in length, which extends into the main vein, the rachis, running through the entire lamina. The petioles and rachis are covered with brown scales of varying darkness.

Polystichum makinoi is an excellent border plant, for light and fresh undergrowth or shaded flower beds. It adapts very well to any moist soil enriched with leaf compost, even on a slightly calcareous subsoil. It can be associated with other ferns, Solomon's seals, Asarum, or with Asian undergrowth plants that deserve to be discovered, such as the isodons.

Flowering

Flowering time January

Foliage

Foliage persistence Evergreen
Foliage colour green

Plant habit

Height at maturity 50 cm
Spread at maturity 45 cm
Growth rate normal

Botanical data

Genus

Polystichum

Species

makinoi

Family

Aspleniaceae

Other common names

Makino's Holly Fern

Origin

East Asia

Product reference1654111

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Planting and care

Install Polystichum makinoi in a shady or semi-shady position; the soil should remain slightly moist, but not waterlogged. Polystichums tolerate intense shade. Opt for a well-drained soil rich in humus, as this evergreen fern is sensitive to excess winter moisture. It will tolerate moderately dry periods in summer. Plant by lightly covering the collar with soil. At the end of winter, prune all old, dried-up or damaged fronds close to the stump.

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Planting period

Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to April, September to October

Intended location

Suitable for Woodland edge, Undergrowth
Type of use Border
Hardiness Hardy down to -23°C (USDA zone 6a) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 5 per m2
Exposure Partial shade, Shade
Soil pH Neutral, Any
Soil type Silty-loamy (rich and light)
Soil moisture Moist soil, humus-bearing and light

Care

Pruning instructions Regenerate old fronds at the end of winter by cutting them down to the ground. Wait until the end of severe frosts in cold regions (the old fronds protect the heart of the fern).
Pruning Pruning recommended once a year
Pruning time March to April
Disease resistance Very good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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