Aquilegia vulgaris - Columbine

Common Columbine or Aquilegia vulgaris, is a beautiful perennial with blue flowers, shaped like a jester's hat that can reach 50-70 cm (20-28in) in height. Formerly widespread in cottage gardens, Aquilegias were nicknamed Columbines or Granny's Bonnets depending on the region.

Columbine is hardy and forms clumps of deciduous, rounded leaves with 3 light green leaflets. In May, the flowers, on bare stems, form a bell enhanced with slender spurs and sepals coloured deep blue.

Aquilegia vulgaris is easy to grow and self-seeds spontaneously, sometimes creating new colours. Native to the mountains of Europe, it thrives in light, humus-rich, moist but well-drained soil. In heavy soil, its lifespan is shorter. Improve the soil with the addition of gravel and compost at planting. This species thrives in all exposures, but for better flowering, prefers a sunny spot except in hot climates where filtered sunlight is perfect.

Common Columbine pairs well with perennial geraniums for a spring-flowering border.