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Ginkgo biloba Horizontalis

Ginkgo biloba Horizontalis
Maidenhair Tree, Living Fossil Tree

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More information

Small-sized variety with a tabular habit. This deciduous tree bears branches that spread horizontally and are slightly weeping, forming a wide and low umbrella. It has characteristic deciduous foliage in the shape of a notched margin fan, light green turning golden yellow in autumn. Resistant, it thrives in full sun in a normal to rich, well-drained, dry to moist soil. Its slow growth and compact dimensions make this cultivar ideal for enhancing the most limited spaces or shading a small terrace!
Flower size
5 cm
Height at maturity
4 m
Spread at maturity
6 m
Exposure
Sun
Hardiness
Hardy down to -29°C
Soil moisture
Moist soil
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Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to May, September to November
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Flowering time April to May
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Description

The Ginkgo biloba 'Horizontalis', also known as the 'Forty Ecu Tree', is a small variety with a tabular habit. This deciduous tree has branches that spread horizontally and slightly droop, forming a wide and low canopy. It has distinctive fan-shaped deciduous foliage with notched margins, light green turning golden yellow in autumn. Hardy and adaptable, it thrives in full sun in normal to rich, well-drained, dry to moist soil. Its slow growth and compact size make it ideal for small spaces or to provide shade on a small terrace!

 

The Ginkgo biloba, also sometimes called 'Maidenhair Tree' due to the shape of its leaves and the pattern of its veins resembling capillaries, is a very primitive tree of the nearly extinct ginkgoales family. This living fossil, which does not bear flowers, typically reaches a height of up to 24m (78 ft 8 in) and has an upright habit in its youth, spreading with age and measuring up to 9m (29 ft 6 in) in diameter. This majestic tree, native to China, has now (and likely for a long time) disappeared from its natural habitat, surviving only through the admiration and respect it has inspired in human beings for many generations, who continue to plant and propagate it in their most beautiful parks.

Ginkgo biloba 'Horizontalis' is one of the few horticultural varieties derived from Ginkgo biloba. It is distinguished by its reduced tabular habit with strong branches that spread horizontally, with slightly drooping ends, forming a low and very wide canopy. When fully grown, the tree will not exceed 4m (13 ft 1 in) in height and 6m (19 ft 8 in) in spread; it will not measure more than 1.5m (4 ft 11 in) in height and 3m (9 ft 10 in) in spread at the age of 10 years. Its flat, deciduous, semi-rounded, green leaves turn a golden yellow at the end of the season, less intense than in the species, and have the characteristic fan shape, measuring from 4 to 10cm (1.6 to 3.9 in) in width. This beautiful tree has a spreading root system and grows quite slowly in the first 10-12 years of its life, and faster afterwards. All individuals of this variety are sterile and do not produce fruit.

Ginkgo 'Horizontalis' can be planted as a focal point on a short grass meadow, where it will become the centerpiece of the garden. It can also be combined with Persian Ironwood, which has flamboyant foliage in autumn, or with Japanese maples, oak-leaf hydrangea, or caramel tree. It is also a good tree for lining a urban garden or a rooftop terrace.

 

Interestingly, despite its deciduous leaves, Ginkgo biloba is a conifer from a botanical point of view. It is a very hardy bush. It is also highly resistant; it was one of the few trees to survive the Hiroshima bomb in 1945!

It is the oldest tree species found on Earth, dating back 300 million years, surviving all the cataclysms that the Earth has experienced. This tree, known as the 'Tree of a Thousand Ecu', has been living for thousands of years in the Tianmushan Mountains in southeast China. It was reintroduced to Europe in the 18th century. With exceptional longevity, Ginkgo is also a medicinal plant, with its leaves used to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.

Ginkgo biloba Horizontalis in pictures

Ginkgo biloba Horizontalis (Foliage) Foliage
Ginkgo biloba Horizontalis (Plant habit) Plant habit

Plant habit

Height at maturity 4 m
Spread at maturity 6 m
Habit Flat
Growth rate slow

Flowering

Flower colour yellow
Flowering time April to May
Flower size 5 cm

Foliage

Foliage persistence Deciduous
Foliage colour medium green

Botanical data

Genus

Ginkgo

Species

biloba

Cultivar

Horizontalis

Family

Ginkgoaceae

Other common names

Maidenhair Tree, Living Fossil Tree

Origin

Cultivar or hybrid

Product reference1006292

Other Ginkgo

Available to order
€105.00 7.5L/10L pot

Available in 2 sizes

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€259.00 30L/35L pot
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Available in 2 sizes

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Planting and care

The Ginkgo biloba 'Horizontalis' is a very hardy tree, resistant to temperatures as low as -30°C (-22 °F), but it fears excessive heat; it suffers above 30°C (86 °F), especially if the soil is dry. It thrives in the sun in any good, deep, and well-drained fertile soil. We advise you to stake the young plants, which sometimes have a tendency not to grow straight. It is also important to ensure that it does not lack water during the summer period. It tolerates a slightly limestone soil as long as it remains moist. In dry soil, this tree will grow very slowly. However, it will also suffer in soil that is too wet and heavy, constantly saturated with water. It is a very resistant bush that withstands urban pollution well. When planting, dig a sufficiently deep hole rich in humus. During the plant's dormant period, in February-March, remove any rebellious or tangled stems to maintain a good habit of the plant.

Planting period

Best planting time March, October
Recommended planting time February to May, September to November

Intended location

Suitable for Meadow, Woodland edge
Type of use Free-standing
Hardiness Hardy down to -29°C (USDA zone 5) Show map
Ease of cultivation Amateur
Planting density 1 per m2
Exposure Sun
Soil pH Any
Soil type Chalky (poor, alkaline and well-drained), Clayey (heavy), Clayey-chalky (heavy and alkaline), Silty-loamy (rich and light), Stony (poor and well-drained)
Soil moisture Moist soil, well-drained.

Care

Pruning No pruning necessary
Soil moisture Moist soil
Disease resistance Very good
Overwinter Can be left in the ground

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