Ilex aquifolium Ferox Argentea - Common Holly

Ilex aquifolium 'Ferox argentea' is a variety of Common Holly that is both defensive and ornamental. This bush, also known as the Hedgehog Holly, has elegant, bright variegated leaves that are adorned with spines along the edges and surface. It is a male cultivar, which means it does not produce fruits. The decorative value of this shrub also lies in its evergreen foliage in winter and its broadly pyramidal shape. Its slow growth and ability to be pruned make it suitable for smaller gardens.

Hollies belong to the family Aquifoliaceae. Ilex holly, the Common Holly, is an evergreen shrub primarily native to Europe. It is ubiquitous, thriving in deep soils and moist to wet areas, but also adapting to open spaces. It is a dioecious species, meaning there are male and female individuals. The 'Ferox Argentea' cultivar only produces inconspicuous whitish male flowers and does not bear fruits. It has a slow growth rate and will reach a height of 3.50 m to 5.50 m with a spread of 2.50 m to 3.50 m (occasionally up to 7.50 m) depending on the growing conditions. The shrub has a broadly pyramidal habit, supported by semi-erect, slender, reddish-brown branches. The evergreen and leathery foliage consists of ovate, wavy, entire, dark green and glossy leaves, with cream to white variegation along the margins. The margins and upper surface are densely bristly. The bark of this small tree is green when young, turning grey and smooth with age. The Common Holly is a long-lived species, capable of living 400 to 500 years.

Ilex aquifolium 'Ferox Argentea' stands out in the garden but should be placed away from high-traffic areas. Its architectural form suits a well-kept garden, particularly in a contemporary or urban style. It also fits perfectly in a mixed or defensive hedge. It brings a touch of light and spikiness to shady areas of the garden! It can be paired with tall conifers with dark green foliage for contrast, such as Pinus nigra 'Green Tower'. It dislikes drought and lime-rich soils. It can be confidently planted in colder regions, alongside snowberries and aucubas.

Hollies are both beloved and misunderstood plants. The genus comprises nearly 800 deciduous or evergreen species, mostly originating from the temperate northern hemisphere. These ancient plants have experienced alternating periods of glaciation and dry, warm periods in our climatic history, making them extremely adaptable and resilient. Their wood, which is white to cream, is very low in water content, even when green. It is dense and heavy, yet soft and easy to work with in cabinetmaking. It also makes excellent fuel for heating.